(?) (?)
土(Tu)壤(Rang)温(Wen)湿(Shi)度(Du)速(Su)测(Ce)仪(Yi)是(Shi)测(Ce)试(Shi)土(Tu)壤(Rang)湿(Shi)度(Du)的(De)仪(Yi)器(Qi).广(Guang)泛(Fan)应(Ying)用(Yong)于(Yu)土(Tu)壤(Rang)墒(Shang)情(Qing)检(Jian)测(Ce)、(?)节(Jie)水(Shui)灌(Guan)溉(Gai)、(?)精(Jing)细(Xi)农(Nong)业(Ye)、(?)林(Lin)业(Ye)、(?)地(Di)质(Zhi)勘(Kan)探(Tan)、(?)植(Zhi)物(Wu)培(Pei)育(Yu)等(Deng)领(Ling)域(Yu)。(?)
(?) (?)表(Biao)示(Shi)方(Fang)法(Fa):
(?) (?)土(Tu)壤(Rang)中(Zhong)水(Shui)分(Fen)的(De)多(Duo)少(Shao)有(You)两(Liang)种(Zhong)表(Biao)示(Shi)方(Fang)法(Fa)：(?)一(Yi)种(Zhong)是(Shi)以(Yi)土(Tu)壤(Rang)含(Han)水(Shui)量(Liang)表(Biao)示(Shi)，(?)分(Fen)重(Zhong)量(Liang)含(Han)水(Shui)量(Liang)和(He)容(Rong)积(Ji)含(Han)水(Shui)量(Liang)两(Liang)种(Zhong)，(?)二(?)者(Zhe)之(Zhi)间(Jian)的(De)关(Guan)系(Xi)由(You)土(Tu)壤(Rang)容(Rong)重(Zhong)来(Lai)换(Huan)算(Suan)。(?)另(Ling)一(Yi)种(Zhong)是(Shi)以(Yi)土(Tu)壤(Rang)水(Shui)势(Shi)表(Biao)示(Shi)，(?)土(Tu)壤(Rang)水(Shui)势(Shi)的(De)负(Fu)值(Zhi)是(Shi)土(Tu)壤(Rang)水(Shui)吸(Xi)力(Li)。(?)
(?) (?)重(Zhong)要(Yao)指(Zhi)标(Biao):
(?) (?)土(Tu)壤(Rang)含(Han)水(Shui)量(Liang)有(You)三(San)个(Ge)重(Zhong)要(Yao)指(Zhi)标(Biao)。(?)一(Yi)个(Ge)是(Shi)土(Tu)壤(Rang)饱(Bao)和(He)含(Han)水(Shui)量(Liang)，(?)表(Biao)明(Ming)该(Gai)土(Tu)壤(Rang)多(Duo)能(Neng)含(Han)多(Duo)少(Shao)水(Shui)，(?)此(Ci)时(Shi)土(Tu)壤(Rang)水(Shui)势(Shi)为(Wei)0。(?)
(?) (?)第(Di)二(?)是(Shi)田(Tian)间(Jian)持(Chi)水(Shui)量(Liang)，(?)是(Shi)土(Tu)壤(Rang)饱(Bao)和(He)含(Han)水(Shui)量(Liang)减(Jian)去(Qu)重(Zhong)力(Li)水(Shui)后(Hou)土(Tu)壤(Rang)所(Suo)能(Neng)保(Bao)持(Chi)的(De)水(Shui)分(Fen)。(?)重(Zhong)力(Li)水(Shui)基(Ji)本(Ben)上(Shang)不(Bu)能(Neng)被(Bei)植(Zhi)物(Wu)吸(Xi)收(Shou)利(Li)用(Yong)，(?)此(Ci)时(Shi)土(Tu)壤(Rang)水(Shui)势(Shi)为(Wei)-0.3巴(Ba)。(?)
(?) (?)第(Di)三(San)是(Shi)萎(Wei)蔫(Nian)系(Xi)数(Shu)，(?)是(Shi)植(Zhi)物(Wu)萎(Wei)蔫(Nian)时(Shi)土(Tu)壤(Rang)仍(Reng)能(Neng)保(Bao)持(Chi)的(De)水(Shui)分(Fen)。(?)这(Zhe)部(Bu)分(Fen)水(Shui)也(Ye)不(Bu)能(Neng)被(Bei)植(Zhi)物(Wu)吸(Xi)收(Shou)利(Li)用(Yong)，(?)此(Ci)时(Shi)土(Tu)壤(Rang)水(Shui)势(Shi)为(Wei)-15巴(Ba)。(?)
(?) (?)田(Tian)间(Jian)持(Chi)水(Shui)量(Liang)与(Yu)萎(Wei)蔫(Nian)系(Xi)数(Shu)之(Zhi)间(Jian)的(De)水(Shui)称(Cheng)为(Wei)土(Tu)壤(Rang)有(You)效(Xiao)水(Shui)是(Shi)植(Zhi)物(Wu)可(Ke)以(Yi)吸(Xi)收(Shou)利(Li)用(Yong)的(De)部(Bu)分(Fen)。(?)当(Dang)然(Ran)，(?)一(Yi)般(Ban)在(Zai)田(Tian)间(Jian)持(Chi)水(Shui)量(Liang)的(De)60%时(Shi)，(?)即(Ji)土(Tu)壤(Rang)水(Shui)势(Shi)-1巴(Ba)左(Zuo)右(You)就(Jiu)采(Cai)取(Qu)措(Cuo)施(Shi)进(Jin)行(Xing)灌(Guan)溉(Gai)。(?)
(?) (?)土(Tu)壤(Rang)水(Shui)势(Shi)可(Ke)细(Xi)分(Fen)为(Wei)重(Zhong)力(Li)势(Shi)、(?)基(Ji)模(Mo)势(Shi)和(He)溶(Rong)质(Zhi)势(Shi)。(?)
(?) (?)土(Tu)壤(Rang)水(Shui)分(Fen)重(Zhong)力(Li)势(Shi)以(Yi)土(Tu)壤(Rang)水(Shui)面(Mian)与(Yu)土(Tu)表(Biao)面(Mian)相(Xiang)平(Ping)时(Shi)为(Wei)0。(?)水(Shui)面(Mian)高(Gao)于(Yu)土(Tu)表(Biao)面(Mian)时(Shi)为(Wei)正(Zheng)值(Zhi)（(?)此(Ci)时(Shi)也(Ye)称(Cheng)为(Wei)压(Ya)力(Li)势(Shi)）(?)。(?)水(Shui)面(Mian)低(Di)于(Yu)土(Tu)表(Biao)面(Mian)时(Shi)为(Wei)负(Fu)值(Zhi)（(?)土(Tu)壤(Rang)水(Shui)吸(Xi)力(Li)为(Wei)正(Zheng)值(Zhi)）(?)。(?)
(?) (?)土(Tu)壤(Rang)基(Ji)模(Mo)势(Shi)指(Zhi)土(Tu)壤(Rang)中(Zhong)矿(Kuang)质(Zhi)颗(Ke)粒(Li)表(Biao)面(Mian)和(He)有(You)机(Ji)质(Zhi)颗(Ke)粒(Li)表(Biao)面(Mian)对(Dui)水(Shui)所(Suo)产(Chan)生(Sheng)的(De)张(Zhang)力(Li)。(?)它(Ta)的(De)值(Zhi)永(Yong)远(Yuan)是(Shi)负(Fu)值(Zhi)，(?)即(Ji)总(Zong)是(Shi)将(Jiang)土(Tu)壤(Rang)表(Biao)面(Mian)的(De)水(Shui)分(Fen)向(Xiang)土(Tu)体(Ti)内(Nei)吸(Xi)进(Jin)来(Lai)。(?)
(?) (?)土(Tu)壤(Rang)水(Shui)分(Fen)溶(Rong)质(Zhi)势(Shi)与(Yu)土(Tu)壤(Rang)溶(Rong)液(Ye)中(Zhong)所(Suo)含(Han)溶(Rong)质(Zhi)数(Shu)量(Liang)有(You)关(Guan)，(?)溶(Rong)质(Zhi)越(Yue)多(Duo)，(?)溶(Rong)质(Zhi)势(Shi)越(Yue)小(Xiao)（(?)即(Ji)越(Yue)负(Fu)）(?)。(?)点(Dian)水(Shui)源(Yuan)入(Ru)渗(Shen)时(Shi)，(?)水(Shui)沿(Yan)湿(Shi)度(Du)梯(Ti)度(Du)从(Cong)高(Gao)水(Shui)势(Shi)处(Chu)向(Xiang)低(Di)水(Shui)势(Shi)处(Chu)流(Liu)动(Dong)，(?)逐(Zhu)渐(Jian)形(Xing)成(Cheng)一(Yi)个(Ge)干(Gan)湿(Shi)交(Jiao)界(Jie)分(Fen)明(Ming)的(De)椭(Tuo)球(Qiu)体(Ti)形(Xing)状(Zhuang)，(?)称(Cheng)为(Wei)湿(Shi)润(Run)球(Qiu)，(?)球(Qiu)面(Mian)各(Ge)处(Chu)土(Tu)壤(Rang)水(Shui)势(Shi)相(Xiang)等(Deng)。(?)该(Gai)球(Qiu)面(Mian)称(Cheng)为(Wei)入(Ru)渗(Shen)锋(Feng)，(?)在(Zai)水(Shui)头(Tou)固(Gu)定(Ding)不(Bu)变(Bian)时(Shi)，(?)入(Ru)渗(Shen)锋(Feng)的(De)前(Qian)进(Jin)速(Su)度(Du)随(Sui)着(Zhuo)时(Shi)间(Jian)的(De)延(Yan)长(Chang)而(?)减(Jian)慢(Man)。(?)
(?) (?)大(Da)部(Bu)分(Fen)植(Zhi)物(Wu)养(Yang)分(Fen)都(Du)是(Shi)溶(Rong)于(Yu)水(Shui)后(Hou)随(Sui)水(Shui)移(Yi)动(Dong)运(Yun)输(Shu)到(Dao)植(Zhi)物(Wu)根(Gen)系(Xi)被(Bei)吸(Xi)收(Shou)的(De)。(?)无(Wu)论(Lun)根(Gen)系(Xi)以(Yi)质(Zhi)流(Liu)、(?)扩(Kuo)散(San)、(?)截(Jie)获(Huo)哪(Na)种(Zhong)方(Fang)式(Shi)吸(Xi)收(Shou)植(Zhi)物(Wu)养(Yang)分(Fen)都(Du)在(Zai)土(Tu)壤(Rang)溶(Rong)液(Ye)中(Zhong)进(Jin)行(Xing)。(?)
(?) (?)突(Tu)出(Chu)性(Xing)能(Neng)：(?)
(?) (?).采(Cai)用(Yong)一(Yi)体(Ti)化(Hua)结(Jie)构(Gou)，(?)集(Ji)液(Ye)晶(Jing)显(Xian)示(Shi)仪(Yi)表(Biao)+传(Chuan)感(Gan)器(Qi)+便(Bian)携(Xie)手(Shou)提(Ti)箱(Xiang)合(He)成(Cheng)在(Zai)一(Yi)个(Ge)机(Ji)箱(Xiang)内(Nei)，(?)野(Ye)外(Wai)携(Xie)带(Dai)极(Ji)为(Wei)方(Fang)便(Bian)，(?)
(?) (?).大(Da)屏(Ping)幕(Mu)中(Zhong)文(Wen)液(Ye)晶(Jing)显(Xian)示(Shi)，(?)可(Ke)实(Shi)时(Shi)显(Xian)示(Shi)水(Shui)分(Fen)值(Zhi)、(?)组(Zu)数(Shu)、(?)低(Di)电(Dian)压(Ya)示(Shi)警(Jing)，(?)便(Bian)于(Yu)野(Ye)外(Wai)作(Zuo)业(Ye)。(?)
(?) (?).可(Ke)根(Gen)据(Ju)不(Bu)通(Tong)土(Tu)质(Zhi)（(?)比(Bi)如(Ru)沙(Sha)土(Tu)、(?)壤(Rang)土(Tu)、(?)粘(Zhan)土(Tu)等(Deng)）(?)设(She)置(Zhi)多(Duo)种(Zhong)土(Tu)质(Zhi)配(Pei)方(Fang)，(?)便(Bian)于(Yu)多(Duo)种(Zhong)土(Tu)壤(Rang)检(Jian)测(Ce)。(?)
(?) (?).能(Neng)存(Cun)储(Chu)指(Zhi)定(Ding)各(Ge)个(Ge)点(Dian)的(De)土(Tu)壤(Rang)水(Shui)分(Fen)值(Zhi)，(?)通(Tong)过(Guo)USB接(Jie)口(Kou)传(Chuan)输(Shu)给(Gei)计(Ji)算(Suan)机(Ji)保(Bao)存(Cun)和(He)处(Chu)理(Li)分(Fen)析(Xi)等(Deng)。(?)
(?) (?)土(Tu)壤(Rang)温(Wen)湿(Shi)度(Du)速(Su)测(Ce)仪(Yi)广(Guang)泛(Fan)应(Ying)用(Yong)于(Yu)土(Tu)壤(Rang)墒(Shang)情(Qing)检(Jian)测(Ce)、(?)节(Jie)水(Shui)灌(Guan)溉(Gai)、(?)精(Jing)细(Xi)农(Nong)业(Ye)、(?)林(Lin)业(Ye)、(?)地(Di)质(Zhi)勘(Kan)探(Tan)、(?)植(Zhi)物(Wu)培(Pei)育(Yu)等(Deng)领(Ling)域(Yu)。(?)
